Install Git

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install git

Setup Git

git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "[email protected]"

Set git push to simple

simple means git push will push only the current branch to the one that git pull would pull from, and also checks that their names match

git config --global push.default simple

Generate a SSH key and save it. SSH keys are a way to identify trusted computers, without involving passwords

ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -C "[email protected]"
ssh-add ~/.ssh/id_rsa

Use gedit or your favorite editor to check the SSH key and copy it into your eg. GitHub account

gedit ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub